| Independent variables | Dependent Variable | |
|---|---|---|
| Socio-demographic factors: Age/ Gender/ Marital status/ Education/ Occupation/ Family Income/ Duration of working/ Commuting time | → | Intention to leave VHVs | 
| Psycho-social Factors: Family structure/ Experience of family care/ Other responsibilities/ Volunteer selection process/ Training experience/ Knowledge of elderly care/ VHVs performance/ Absent frequency | → | |
| Motivation Factors: Level of Motivation and Job Satisfaction | → | 
The association between independent and dependent variables