音韻認識の発達
Development of Phonological Awareness
U. Goswami
(Keynote Lecture in Washington,D.C.,2002,IDA)
音節の発達 (Syllable development)
音韻発達 (Onset / Rime development) e.g. cream-team
音素発達 (Phoneme development)
日本のディスレクシア児は、音節認識が普通に発達しても、それ以下の音韻・音素認識に困難さがある場合、中学生になり英語の習得に支障をきたすのではないか。
Japanese children may show learning difficulties in English as the second language, if they have onset/rhyme or phoneme deficits, albeit with their normal syllable awareness.
(i.e. English is a compulsory curriculum at junior high school and high school in Japan)