TWG-DC（障害問題作業部会）

TWG-DC第3回タスクフォース会議（2001年12月9日）議事録

（財）日本障害者リハビリテーション協会

• タスクフォース： 情報通信技術（ICT)
• タスクフォース： 起業研修、小規模事業経営と所得創出活動、開発（起業家精神）
• タスクフォース： 障害をもつすべての子どもと若者のための教育（EFA）
• タスクフォース： 東チモール

第三回　タスクフォース会議議事録:
情報通信技術（ICT)

日時：2001年12月9日　日曜日　13時－16時
場所：ホライゾン・ホテル, ハノイ

1. Opening greetings by Hiroshi Kawamura, Leader of ICT Task Force
2. Self introduction of the participants
3. Approval of Agenda
4. Development concerned with Accessibility of ICT including opportunities and threatens.

Everyone talked about the above issue in the respective areas such as Japan, Thailand, Singapore, Hong Kong and ESCAP. The following issues were raised.

• Accessibility of Digital TV system.
• Disability awareness of MPEG has to be well raised in terms of accessibility for persons with disabilities
• IT education project in Thailand may become a good example of IT for all initiatives.
• Accessibility issues of UNESCAP and TWGDC Web Homepage, including skip navigation system by JSRPD
• Accessibility of mobile phone not only for the deaf but also for the blind
• Since ICT accessibility depends on commercial sectors, ICT sectors need to be well informed of the needs of PWD
• Accessibility problem of ATM machines
• Genome project was introduced
• Accessible Kiosk user interface may accommodate the need of persons with disabilities including intellectual disabilities.

Case Study of Good practices of ICT for the UNESCAP Publication

Monthian Buntan is the responsible person of writing a case study of good practice in "Accessibility and Communication" which is one of 12 target areas.

Proposed Task force activities

As a main activity of ICT Task force next year, a plan of ICT Conference was discussed. ICT goes forward without a legal protection for persons with disabilities. Considering this situation, a conference aims to draft a model legislation for ICT accessibility. It will consist of 3 components: two-day training for bridging the gap of digital divide among TWDC members, one or two days seminar for interaction among professionals/managers from major ICT industry and organizations PWD focusing on ICT Accessibility based on the achievement of WAI, the Web Accessibility Initiatives of the W3C, and at least two-day policy making sessions to formulate a draft model ICT Accessibility legislations. The draft will be submitted to the 4th TWGDC meeting to be discussed and shared by members. With the approval from TWGDC, the ICT Task Force will seek for co-sponsors and hosts to make it happen.

Other matters
Ideas for mass purchasing of ICT products to effect cost reducation were exchanged.

第三回　タスクフォース会議議事録：
起業研修、小規模事業経営と所得創出活動、開発（起業家精神）

日時：2001年12月9日　日曜日　15時－18時
場所：ホライゾン・ホテル, ハノイ

Twenty-five people attended the task force meeting. Only six were individuals who attended the past task force meeting. Debra Perry of the ILO Bangkok chaired the meeting. Self-introductions and updating of the email list marked the beginning activity.

The content aspect of the meeting began with a review of the activities of the May meeting and the specific five activities that the group identified at its inaugural meeting. The group agreed to an agenda that included reviewing these activities, noting progress, and making decisions about how to proceed. The five areas of concentration included:

• Establishing guidelines to encourage government promotion of entrepreneurship, especially at the local level.
• Fostering inclusion of people with disabilities in poverty alleviation, credit and related entrepreneurship programs.
• Encouraging and fostering the participation of disabled persons and disability issues in conference and activities related to this topic.
• Developing successful programme examples and case studies.
• Compiling stories of successful entrepreneurs that can serve as role models.

Basic outcomes:

Guidelines

The group decided after some discussion that it was a daunting task to develop guidelines for government related to entrepreneurship. While such guidelines are needed, the group felt preparing such was not a realistic goal. Some members felt government commitment was needed not guidelines. The issue of markets for goods and services was also noted as critical to successful programs.

Inclusion Issue

Members discussed and kept returning to the issue of fostering inclusion of disabled people in community development, poverty alleviation, vocational training, business development and other programs. Examples were given of integrative programs from the ILO (Disability Resource Team and Success Case Replication), FAO (Mushroom farming, other activities at local level) and in the Philippines, a Greemen style micro credit program. CBM and HI are working together on a five-year project in Bangladesh, Philippines and India and Thailand (Buffalo breeding, incense and flowers for the funeral industry, massage.).

Case Studies

It was noted that case studies and examples of good practice presented at the meeting do not often go beyond the group and that a mechanism is needed for dissemination. After considerable discussion about the value and constraints of case studies, the group generally agreed that dissemination of good practice and specific human-interest type case studies reflecting individual achievements is a worthwhile activity for this group and one that is achievable.

We briefly discussed the feasibility of using the TWG web pages for this purpose with the JSRPD representatives who handle the web site. It is possible to use the web pages for this purpose. Debra agreed to make the initial follow-up wit regard to this issue. Four members agreed to establish guidelines and data points for inclusion of case studies on the website (including Carson Harte, J.B. Munroe and two others).

The group consensus was that program examples and case studies could be integrated into one document. We were clear that out audience for these case studies are NGOs, IOs and program operators in general who will use these case studies for inspiration, as a source of getting more information and adaptation to their needs and situation.

The group also agreed to use the email list as a list serve so that we could more actively share information and work together. Debra agreed to disseminate the updated email list.

Many other issues were discussed. These included:

• The need for cost-benefit analysis and good evaluative studies. These should also measure increases in self-confidence and attitudes toward disabled persons and quality assurance issues such as those used in business.
• Concerns about the aid drain for people with disabilities and the changing priorities, such as the fact that Afghanistan may require resources that are being used in other parts of the region.
• The group felt strongly that the issue of funding requires some intervention to increasing funding for disability programs, the need for more partnerships among organizations, the need for inclusion of disabled persons in other projects.
• Challenges to mainstreaming, such as access to basic health care, assistive devices, etc. prevent the participation of disabled persons in mainstream programs.
• The need to link and advocate with groups like the ADB, World Bank and perhaps even the Asian Confederation of Credit Union.

The meeting ended with twists on a familiar quote. One member stated that "we need to do more than teach a man (or woman) to fish; we need to provide the tools so that he or she can fish." The Prime Minister of Cambodia was also quoted as saying, you cannot teach a man to fish and then put him by the swimming pool. These critical issues of needing to provide tools and resources, in addition to skills, and making sure that entrepreneurial endeavors parallel market needs, ended the meeting.

Prepared by Debra Perry
ILO Senior Specialist in Vocational Rehabilitation

第三回　タスクフォース会議議事録：
障害をもつすべての子どもと若者のための教育（EFA）

日時：2001年12月9日　日曜日　10時－13時
場所：ホライゾン・ホテル, ハノイ

The meeting was attended by twenty-two participants, five from governmental agencies, fifteen from non-governmental agencies (NGOs) and two from United Nations agencies. The meeting was chaired by Mr Bill Brohier, (ICEVI) and co-chaired by Ms Penny Price (ESCAP). Two apologies were received, one from Ms Yuka Takahashi, (UNESCO), co-coordinator of the TF EFA.

The meeting was opened with greetings and self-introduction of the participants. Only thirteen of the participants had attended the first meeting of the TF EFA in Bangkok, 10 May 2001.

A report of the activities of the Task Force since the first meeting was presented. (See Attachment). Strong intervention had been made by the TWGDC and members of the Task Force on Education of all children and youth with disabilities, to the Director of the UNESCO Office in Bangkok, Principal Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, advocating for the specific inclusion of children with disabilities in the Education for All (EFA) initiatives of UNESCO in the Asia-Pacific region and world wide, as a basic human right which lies at the heart of development. Attendance by many members of the task force at the UNESCO Regional Seminar on Building Capacity of NGOs in Implementing the Dakar Framework of Action on Education for All in Asia, held in Bangkok, 9 to 11 July 2001, and at the Annual Meeting Collective Consultation of NGOs on Education for All, held in Bangkok, 12-14 July 2001, reinforced this message. It is hoped that these actions may have contributed to the recent decision by UNESCO to form a "flagship" programme on education for all and disabilities. With this action the issue of EFA and disability joins other "flagship" initiatives established by UNESCO, including those of the girl child, HIV/AIDS, teacher training, early child care and development, and effective school health.

Matters raised for discussion:

Intervention to national coordinators of EFA in the Asian Pacific Region.

A draft letter on behalf of the Task Force on EFA had been prepared by UNESCO, addressed to the national coordinators of EFA in the Asian and Pacific region, emphasizing the need to promote education for children with disabilities within the framework of inclusive education as part of the EFA movement.

Extensive discussion resulted in agreement in principle for this proposed action, with strong recommendation that the letter be re-drafted with specific and explicit reference made to the educational needs of children with disabilities.

UNESCO "flagship programme on education for all and disabilities".

Discussion resulted in the recommendation that clarification be sought from UNESCO on the conceptualization and implications for action of the "flagship" programme.

Country and agency reports and significant issues raised

Australia/Bangladesh
A cooperative venture between Bangladeshi Protibondhi Foundation (BPF) and Job Placement Limited, Australia, has resulted in education being provided for 55 children in rural Bangladesh, in community-based non-formal schools. Integration into three schools was sponsored initially and this has been extended to three more schools, demonstrating the effectiveness of small scale international collaboration and cooperation, stimulated by relationships developed within the Thematic Working Group on Disability-related Concerns (TWGDC).

CDD reported that there are about 1.6 million disabled children in Bangladesh not receiving any education. Only 1% of disabled children have access to education. There is a need for systematic initiatives to prepare teachers, schools and students for the inclusion/participation of children with disabilities in education. CDD also reported that the National Forum of Organizations Working with the Disabled (NFOWD) in Bangladesh had undertaken steps by forming a thematic working group on 'Inclusion pf PWDs into Education'. NFOWD in partnership with its member organizations ahd organized 9 workshops jointly with Bangladesh Government and NGOs. In addition it was reported that UNESCO had organized a 3 day workshop on education for children with disabilities. British Council had conducted training of trainers on education, and the Dhaka University has introduced a Department of Special Education. There ahd also been a joint programme by the NGO Coalition on EFA and NFOWD.

Cambodia
There is currently no educational access for children with disabilities in Cambodia. A special education project for the integration of children with disabilities into primary and secondary schools is in preparation, as is a Bureau for Children with Disabilities.

India
Of more than 1 million children with disabilities only 10 - 12% receive some form of education in different types of schools. Increasingly the role of providing education is given to NGOs because they are more cost effective and efficient. Eight hundred NGOs are supported for running special schools, vocational training centres and early intervention centres for children with disabilities. There is also a central Government scheme called Integrated Education for Disabled Children (IEDC) for integrating disabled children in regular schools and 20,000 children have been integrated. The focus is on developing disabled-friendly schools. Parents of disabled children are also being encouraged to run educational and vocational organizations.

In 1995 the Persons with Disabilities Act was passed. This Act mandates the education of all children with disabilities till the age of 18 years. In 1999 the National Trust Act for persons with autism, cerebral palsy, mental retardation and multiple disabilities was passed, to focus on the development of these groups.

Japan
Duskin Leadership Training, sponsored by JICA, is available for 10 participants for a 10 month period. This opportunity is available to youth under the age of 30 years.

ICT Task Force. Through international cooperation and the support of JICA the Task Force on ICT is investigating ways to include persons with disabilities in ICT education.

Malaysia
The Ministry of Education has responsibility for Special Education. Inclusive education is not found in Malaysia. Disabled children receive education through a non-formal system of schools run by CBR programmes. There are 167 programmes catering for 3,500 children, and this system is expanding under the national Council of CBR.

Philippines
KAMPI has been involved in the development of CBR Centres, which accept disabled children from 0 to 15 years of age, provide comprehensive therapy and self-development, promote family strengthening and which have promoted the development in partnership with government. Early intervention and preparation for school has been provided to more than 1000 children in 65 CBR Centres, 27 now run by local government. The Ministry of Education has introduced a training module for teachers to prepare them for teaching children with diverse needs. The cooperative model, engaging government in the development process, lays the foundation for sustainable change and increased government commitment to the education of children with disabilities.

Thailand
In 1998 the Comprehensive Education act of Thailand was passed. Disabled advocates have continued to push for children with disabilities to be included in the Education Act, mandating equal opportunity and access to assistive devices and technology and are still waiting for ministerial recognition. The Prime Minister receives advice from disabled advisers, and support service centres are to be set up in all 76 provinces. It is hoped that in 2002 Individualised Education Plans (IEPs) will facilitate disabled student access in schools. The role of persons with disabilities is increasingly accepted in the formulation of government policy. Funds are sourced from the lottery to promote legislation for the Education Fund for Children with Disabilities.

Additional issues raised:

• A range of educational options must be made available, formal and non-formal, inclusive and separate.
• Teacher training is critically important and must be expanded to cope with diversity.
• Changed environment is needed in terms of attitudes and the school system.
• Systematic initiatives are needed to prepare teachers, schools, students and the community.
• The two key issues are: 1. Access&nsbp;&nsbp;&nsbp; 2. Quality

Thematic Working Group on Disability-related Concerns (TWGDC)
Task Force on Education of all children and youth with disabilities.
Report of Task Force to TWGDC, Horison Hotel, Hanoi,
10:00 - 16:00, 10 December 2001.

1. Strong intervention was made by the TWGDC and members of the Task Force on Education of all children and youth with disabilities, to the Director of the UNESCO Office in Bangkok, Principal Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, advocating for the specific inclusion of children with disabilities in the Education for All (EFA) initiatives of UNESCO in the Asia-Pacific region and world wide, as a basic human right which lies at the heart of development.

2. Many members of the task force attended the UNESCO Regional Seminar on Building Capacity of NGOs in Implementing the Dakar Framework of Action on Education for All in Asia, held in Bangkok, 9 to 11 July 2001, and the Annual Meeting Collective Consultation of NGOs on Education for All, held in Bangkok, 12-14 July 2001. Further intervention advocating for the inclusion of children with disabilities was made, with requests for amendment to draft reports to reflect this issue.

3. A draft resolution was proposed at the fifty-sixth session, third committee of the General Assembly of the United Nations, 10 October 2001, to proclaim the ten-year period beginning on 1 January 2002 the United Nations Literacy Decade.

4. A recent decision was made by UNESCO to form a "flagship" programme on education for all and disabilities. With this action the issue of EFA and disability joins other "flagship" initiatives established by UNESCO, including those of the girl child, HIV/AIDS, teacher training, early child care and development, and effective school health. The Task Force received a briefing from UNESCO on this issue at the Task Force meeting held on 9 December in Hanoi.

5. A draft letter on behalf of the Task Force on EFA has been prepared by UNESCO, addressed to the national coordinators of EFA in the region, emphasizing the need to promote education for children with disabilities within the framework of inclusive education as part of the EFA movement. This letter was endorsed by the Task Force on EFA at its meeting in Hanoi on 9 December 2001, and will be presented for endorsement to the third session of the TWGDC under Agenda item 10, on 10 December 2001.

第三回　タスクフォース会議議事録：
東チモール

日時：2001年12月9日　日曜日　18時－21時
場所：ホライゾン・ホテル, ハノイ

The meeting was attended by thirty participants, three from governmental agencies, nineteen from non-governmental agencies (NGOs) and seven from United Nations agencies and one from an inter-governmental agency. The meeting was chaired by Mr Yutaka Takamine, (ESCAP).

The meeting was opened with greetings and introduction of the two participants from East Timor, Ms Ciara Knudsen and Mr Joaquim Da Costa Sarmento. The provisional Agenda for the meeting was accepted.

A report was presented of the activities of the Task Force on East Timor since the first meeting was held in May 2001. (See Attachment). The task force on East Timor had explored possible strategies to ensure the inclusion of disability concerns in the national development plan that might be prepared by a newly established Government of East Timor, with a view to avoiding a piece-meal approach and promoting a comprehensive and coordinated approach to disability development issues in East Timor. A project proposal, currently under consideration, had been developed, with the objectives of developing a national Coordinating Committee on Disability (NCCD) for East Timor, an East Timor Technical Support Group (ETTSG), a National Plan of Action (NPA) and a funding and technical support framework for the NCCD and the development of disability related services in East Timor. A budget of USD $20.000 would be made available with fifty per cent from the 16th Rehabilitation International (RI) World Congress Fund, via the RI Regional Committee for Asia and the Pacific, and the other fifty per cent from the Asia Trust through Mr M. B Lee, SBS, MBE, JP.

ESCAP had invited, with financial support, Mr Joaquim Da Costa Sarmento, Social Worker for the Disabled and Elderly, Department of Labour and Solidarity and Ms Ciara Knudsen, Adviser to the Division of Social Services, Department of Labour and Solidarity, both of East Timor, to attend the third session of the TWGDC in Hanoi, Viet Nam, and to participate in the task force meeting on East Timor.

Matters raised for discussion:

Report on situation in East Timor and identification of needs.

The delegates from East Timor reported that the mandate for disability had been placed in the Department of Social Services. There was no disability policy and no budget for service provision. Disability had not been allocated a budget under the UNTAET administration and was included only nominally in the Constitution, with no responsibility determined by the state for programme development. Elections are currently scheduled for April 2002, and Independence will be declared on 20 May 2002.

The immediate goals concerning strengthening the situation of persons with disabilities in East Timor included:

• Further development and strengthening of the Disability Working Group, currently consisting of service providers working to increase participation of persons with disabilities, Ministries of Health and Education, NGOs, INGOs and UN agencies.
• Focus on education, health and the development of disabled persons' groups and organizations.
• Building local NGO capacity in advocacy, networking, community organization, programme development and monitoring.

Specific areas of need identified included:

• Training and experience in advocacy to raise government and community awareness;
• Capacity building at local and district level, including training in networking and establishment of CBR services and activities; and forming groups of disabled persons;
• Education - development of policy, training of sign language interpreters and teachers, and teachers of Braille; (This issue is complicated by the issues of language)
• Vocational training and rehabilitation , and the development of a social security system;
• Training in repair of assistive devices.

Response to Project Proposal

• Need assistance to develop a national plan - important to guide policy and programming.
• It may be too early for the development of a NCCD - it is necessary to strengthen the Disability Support Group first.

Specific requests from East Timor representatives to TWGDC Task Force on East Timor

• Urgent need for social policy advisers to help with transition from UNTAET to East Timor administration, to ensure overlap of advisers when UNTAET leaves east Timor in May 2002.
• Urgent need for consultants (3 month minimum time-frame) to assist in preparation of draft policy and legislation, to be completed by May 2002, before independence.
• Urgent need for assistance in developing a national disability plan.
• Immediate need for training of disability stakeholders before INGOs leave East Timor.
• Funding and technical assistance needed to establish vocational rehabilitation and social security system.
• Information and links to technical and funding resources outside East Timor.
• Assistance in provision of disability learning materials, in language friendly format.
• Direct assistance with programme development.
• Need for long-term consultants.

Tentative offers of assistance to East Timor from TWGDC agencies:

Rehabilitation International/ Asian and Pacific Region

• An offer of funds had been made to cover fifty per cent of the cost of the proposed national seminar in East Timor. The remaining fifty per cent would be covered by the Asia Trust through Mr M. B. Lee, SBS, MBE, JP.

Disabled Peoples International/Asia Pacific Region (DPI/AP)

• Funding available for consultant to collect data in 2002.
• Capacity building of persons with disabilities.

World Blind Union (WBU) in coordination with the Royal Society for the Blind

• Support will be provided in 2002 - (decision will be made in March 2002).

International Labour Organization (ILO).

• Capacity building
• Consultancy support to develop draft policy and legislation.
• Technical assistance to establish vocational rehabilitation and social security system.

CBM International SEAPRO

• Supports the current project proposal and sees urgent need for a NCCD, to impact on government and provide a vehicle for representation of persons with disabilities to government.

Asian Development Bank (ADB)

• Disability was not raised by the administration in relation to discussions on a poverty reduction strategy - recommendation that advocacy be made to the Ministry of Finance to raise the disability issue.
• No mechanism currently available for disability to be included in any social protection initiative.

ESCAP

• Could send advisers to strengthen policy development on request.

Cambodia Trust

• A project proposal for an Orthotics and Prosthetics initiative has been unsuccessful in obtaining funding.

Decisions:
ESCAP will request UNDP to ensure that disability issues are included in all development planning in East Timor.
The members of the East Timor Task Force approved in principle the Project Proposal submitted (subject to feed-back from East Timor), and will take action to support initiatives to facilitate the development of a national action plan on disability in East Timor. The Task Force on East Timor will recommend to the TWGDC that assistance be provided to East Timor in any way possible, including assistance with developing policy as well as small-scale initiation and support for programme initiatives.
East Timor delegates will develop and disseminate a "wish-list" and approach any TWGDC agency for support and assistance in any area.
(TWGDC membership list to be provided to East Timor delegates).

Thematic Working Group on disability-related Concerns
Task Force on East Timor
Report to Meeting of Task Force on East Timor,
Horison Hotel, Hanoi, 9 December 2001.

1. The Task Force on East Timor has explored possible strategies to ensure the inclusion of disability concerns in the national development plan that might be prepared by a newly established Government of East Timor, with a view to avoiding a piece-meal approach and promoting a comprehensive and coordinated approach to disability development issues in East Timor.

2. A project proposal, currently under consideration, has been developed, with the objectives of developing a national Coordinating Committee on Disability (NCCD) for East Timor, an East Timor Technical Support Group (ETTSG), a National Plan of Action (NPA) and a funding and technical support framework for the NCCD and the development of disability related services in East Timor. A budget of USD $20.000 would be made available with fifty per cent from the 16th Rehabilitation International (RI) World Congress Fund, via the RI Regional Committee for Asia and the Pacific, and the other fifty per cent from the Asia Trust through Mr M. B Lee, SBS, MBE, JP.

3. The task force on East Timor will meet in Hanoi, Viet Nam, 9 December 2001, to discuss these and other related issues. ESCAP has invited Mr Joaquim Da Costa Sarmento, Social Worker for the Disabled and Elderly, Department of Labour and Solidarity and Ms Ciara Knudsen, Adviser to the Division of Social Services, Department of Labour and Solidarity, both of East Timor, to attend the third session of the TWGDC in Hanoi, Viet Nam, and to participate in the task force meeting on East Timor.

4. The task force on east Timor received a detailed briefing on the current situation concerning people with disabilities in East Timor. Further discussion identified areas where assistance could be provided by members of the task force.

5. It was agreed that the task force network could act as a clearing-house for information concerning disability in East Timor.

6. The task force approved in principle the project proposal submitted, and supported initiatives to facilitate the development of a national action plan on disability in East Timor.